Literatur Review: Kepemimpinan Dalam Konsep Patient Centered Care
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30643/jiksht.v20i2.433Keywords:
Kepemimpinan, Patient centered care, perawatAbstract
Pendahuluan: Beberapa tahun terakhir telah terlihat peningkatan signifikan dalam fokus pada perawatan yang berpusat pada pasien. Namun, implementasinya kompleks. Perawatan yang berpusat pada pasien secara bersamaan digambarkan sebagai fundamental dan sebagai tambahan untuk praktik keperawatan. Meskipun pentingnya kepemimpinan untuk pemberian perawatan yang berpusat pada pasien diakui, lebih sedikit diketahui tentang apa yang diperlukan.
Tujuan: Menggambarkan kepemimpinan dalam konteks perawatan yang berpusat pada pasien.
Metode: Strategi pencarian berfokus pada dua konsep utama: pemimpin dan perawatan yang berpusat pada pasien, dengan hasil terbatas pada penelitian yang diterbitkan antara 2010 dan 2023. Sintesis data konvergen dilakukan, memungkinkan analisis karakteristik studi dan analisis induktif tematik dari studi kualitatif, kuantitatif dan teoretis dalam satu.
Hasil: Sebanyak 27 kajian disertakan. Dalam studi ini, kajian kepemimpinan hampir semuanya terkait dengan posisi formal. Studi yang disertakan merujuk pada beberapa komponen kepemimpinan, termasuk visi dan budaya yang berpusat pada pasien, keterampilan, menjadi panutan, komitmen atau dukungan, keterlibatan klien dan memfasilitasi forum serta kondisi untuk perawatan yang berpusat pada pasien Semua komponen berkaitan dengan interaksi atau hubungan. Ini dapat ditemukan pada tingkat yang berbeda, mulai dari interaksi dengan diri sendiri, kolega, pasien, dalam tim dan dalam organisasi.
Kesimpulan: Tinjauan ini menunjukkan kepemimpinan sebagai konsep yang terhubung dengan posisi dan peran formal dan sebagai seperangkat kualitas, karakteristik keterampilan individu. Namun, ini juga menunjukkan pentingnya visi yang berpusat pada pasien dan budaya yang berpusat pada pasien dalam kepemimpinan. Ini termasuk fokus implisit pada nilai-nilai perawatan yang baik dan pada interaksi atau hubungan. Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan untuk menjelaskan dua elemen terakhir dalam gagasan kepemimpinan yang berpusat pada pasien sebagai titik awal untuk meningkatkan praktik dan pelatihan keperawatan.
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