Correction and Retraction

Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan (JIKSHT) is committed to maintaining the accuracy, transparency, and integrity of the scholarly record. The journal recognizes that errors or ethical concerns may occasionally be identified after an article has been published. JIKSHT will address such issues promptly, fairly, and transparently in accordance with established publication ethics principles and relevant guidance from the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

This policy applies to all articles published in JIKSHT, including original research articles, review articles, case reports, and other scholarly contributions.

1. Corrections

A correction may be issued when an error is identified in a published article and requires formal amendment but does not invalidate the overall reliability of the research findings or conclusions.

Corrections may address, but are not limited to:

  • Errors in author names, affiliations, acknowledgments, or funding information.

  • Typographical, editorial, or factual errors that affect the clarity or accuracy of the article.

  • Errors in tables, figures, references, or supplementary materials.

  • Inaccuracies in reported information that can be corrected without undermining the overall validity of the study.

Authors who identify an error in their published work should notify the editorial office as soon as possible and provide a clear explanation of the error and the proposed correction.

The editorial team will assess the nature and significance of the error and determine whether a formal correction notice is necessary. Where appropriate, the correction notice will describe the error, state the amendment made, and identify the affected article.

The original article will remain accessible, and the correction notice will be linked to the article to maintain a transparent publication record.

2. Retractions

A retraction may be issued when a published article is found to contain serious problems that undermine the reliability of its findings or when significant violations of publication ethics have occurred.

Grounds for retraction may include, but are not limited to:

  • Clear evidence that the research findings are unreliable due to fabrication, falsification, or serious methodological errors.

  • Plagiarism or substantial unattributed reproduction of other works.

  • Redundant or duplicate publication that materially compromises the integrity of the scholarly record.

  • Serious violations of research ethics, including the absence of required ethical approval or consent where applicable.

  • Unauthorized use of confidential or identifiable patient information.

  • Manipulation of the peer-review or publication process.

  • Other serious ethical or publication violations that warrant retraction.

Retraction is intended to correct the scholarly record and alert readers that an article's findings or publication integrity should not be relied upon as originally presented. It is not intended as a punishment for authors.

3. Retraction Procedure

When a potential reason for retraction is identified, JIKSHT will assess the available evidence and determine the appropriate course of action.

The process may include the following steps:

  1. Initial assessment: The Editor-in-Chief or an authorized editor evaluates the concern and determines whether further investigation is warranted.

  2. Evidence gathering: The editorial team may review the article, relevant research records, peer-review documentation, correspondence, and other available evidence.

  3. Author notification: The corresponding author and, where appropriate, other authors are informed of the concerns and given a reasonable opportunity to respond.

  4. Consultation: The journal may seek advice from independent experts, the authors' affiliated institutions, research ethics committees, or other relevant authorities.

  5. Editorial decision: The Editor-in-Chief determines whether a correction, expression of concern, retraction, or another action is appropriate based on the evidence.

  6. Publication of notice: If retraction is warranted, the journal publishes a clear and accessible retraction notice explaining the reasons for the decision to the extent that can appropriately be disclosed.

The journal will handle cases impartially and will not assume that an allegation constitutes proof of misconduct. The absence of an author response will not, by itself, establish misconduct or prevent the journal from taking appropriate action when sufficient evidence is available.

4. Expression of Concern

An Expression of Concern may be published when substantial questions arise regarding the reliability, integrity, or ethical compliance of a published article, but the available evidence is insufficient to reach a final decision.

This action may be appropriate when:

  • An investigation into possible research misconduct is ongoing.

  • The journal is awaiting clarification or findings from an author's institution or another relevant authority.

  • Significant concerns have been raised that could affect the interpretation or reliability of the article.

An Expression of Concern will identify the affected article and explain the nature of the unresolved issue as clearly as possible, subject to applicable confidentiality and legal requirements.

The notice will be linked to the original article. When the matter is resolved, the journal may publish a further notice, correction, or retraction, depending on the outcome.

5. Publication and Accessibility of Notices

All correction, retraction, and Expression of Concern notices will be published as separate, clearly identifiable notices where appropriate and linked to the original article.

Retraction notices should:

  • Clearly identify the retracted article, including its title, author(s), publication details, and DOI, where available.

  • State that the article has been retracted.

  • Explain the reasons for retraction in sufficient detail to inform readers.

  • Identify the party initiating the retraction when appropriate.

  • Be accessible to readers without unnecessary barriers.

Retracted articles will generally remain accessible on the journal's website to preserve the scholarly record, but they will be clearly marked as RETRACTED. The retraction notice will be linked prominently to the article, and the article will be linked to the notice. The journal will not silently remove or replace a published article except where removal is necessary under applicable legal, privacy, or safety requirements.

6. Responsibilities of Authors and Editors

Authors are responsible for promptly informing the journal of significant errors discovered in their published articles and cooperating with reasonable requests for clarification or supporting evidence. Authors may request a correction or raise concerns about a published article by contacting the editorial office.

Editors are responsible for assessing concerns objectively, protecting the integrity of the scholarly record, providing appropriate opportunities for response, and making decisions based on the available evidence. Editors must disclose relevant conflicts of interest and ensure that corrective actions are proportionate to the seriousness of the issue.

Where authors disagree with a proposed correction or retraction, the journal will consider their explanation and the available evidence before making its editorial decision. An author's disagreement does not automatically prevent a correction or retraction when the evidence justifies such action.

7. Appeals and Institutional Cooperation

Authors may submit a reasoned appeal of an editorial decision concerning a correction or retraction. Appeals should identify the decision being challenged and provide relevant evidence or explanations.

When necessary, JIKSHT may consult the authors' affiliated institutions, research ethics committees, funding bodies, or other competent authorities. The journal may also refer suspected research misconduct for institutional investigation when the matter falls outside its ability to establish the facts independently.

The journal will distinguish between errors that can be corrected, concerns that require further investigation, and circumstances that warrant retraction.

8. Commitment to Publication Ethics

JIKSHT is committed to correcting the scholarly record whenever necessary and to ensuring that published research remains as accurate, transparent, and trustworthy as possible.

This policy is informed by recognized publication ethics principles, including guidance from the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). All decisions will be made in accordance with the journal's editorial policies, applicable ethical standards, and relevant legal requirements.